Category Archives: Services

Baseline’s Seven Sins of Offshore Outsourcing

Having posted on the Seven Deadly Sales Suppressors, the Seven Deadly Supply Chain Sins, and the Seven Deadly Supply Chain Wastes, it should be obvious that I’d pick up on Baseline’s 7 Sins of Offshore Outsourcing.

When outsourcing, organizations that focus on short-term cost reductions often rush through projects without adequate planning, due diligence or consideration of the long-term implications of the inevitable changes in business requirements or offshore market conditions. This not only causes them to overlook most of their savings opportunities, but often leads to project failure. However, an organization that knows what to look out for can avoid the mistakes that others have made in the past, mistakes that can be understood in the context of the seven deadly sins: pride, sloth, avarice, lust/extravagance, envy, gluttony and anger.

  • Pride
    Many organizations succumb to the sin of false pride and plunge headlong into an offshoring initiative without performing due diligence. They assume that they (already) have the internal capabilities necessary to plan and manage an offshore operation, when this is often not the case. They also seriously underestimate the management resources required to successfully set-up and run such an operation.
  • Sloth/Laziness
    You can’t just move an inefficient operation offshore and hope that lower salaries will result in cost savings. “Lift and Shift” doesn’t work, and, when the process is inefficient it will, in fact, often increase the personnel resources required to do the job, wiping out the cost savings the organization expected to achieve.
  • Avarice/Greed
    Many organizations will not be concerned enough about the ultimate fate of the business, or, even worse, possess disdain towards the offshore operation. This makes it difficult for the offshore operation to retain knowledgeable and productive staff, leading to quality problems and cost overruns as greater numbers of inexperienced resources need to be thrown at the problem.
  • Lust/Extravagence
    The desire to solve a problem by taking on more, cheaper personnel is extravagant and wasteful and has serious implications for service quality. It’s important to remember that many offshore operations have lower productivity and excessively high turnover, reducing cost savings. Don’t give in to the impulse to compensate for low productivity with more bodies: It’s a false economy. Before you offshore the process, make sure it is efficient. If necessary, re-engineer and improve the process first. Furthermore, even after your processes are off-shored, it’s important to continuously apply performance improvement initiatives.
  • Envy
    Don’t assume that offshoring automatically comes with big savings and be envious of your peers who are already doing it. Most of the claims you’ll find by the promotors of the strategy don’t take into account the lower productivity that comes with offshore personnel, higher communication costs with an offshore team, and the additional overhead required to govern an offshore process. Actual savings are often only half of what is claimed.
  • Gluttony
    Don’t offshore as much as possible as quickly as possible, like a glutton, with the ill-formed belief that this will maximize savings. Don’t overlook the average organization’s capacity to digest change, and even smaller capacity to digest offshore change — because organizations that offshore too much too quick often spend the majority of their time firefighting. The key to success is selective offshore outsourcing, following a careful analysis of what processes are the most likely to lead to savings if outsourced.
  • Anger/Wrath
    Don’t blame the outsourcer when the savings don’t materialize, especially if you committed one or more of the sins above. Blame-wise, at least half will always rest with you, and if you committed multiple sins, all the blame rests with you.

A Sourcing Advisory Checklist

Sometimes a sourcing advisory firm can save you untold millions, and sometimes, as in the recent cock-up exposed by Jason Busch over on Spend Matters, the engagement will lead to a total disaster. So how do you make sure you’re the superstar who brokered the agreement that saved your firms millions of dollars and not the fall-guy who takes the blame for a multi-million dollar cock-up? You manage the process from end-to-end, and you start by making sure you have the right firm as an advisory partner. What should you look for when searching for the partner who will help you succeed when others have failed? Although the specifics will depend upon your needs and the sourcing projects in hand, the following checklist, first put forth by Phillip Fersht, blogmaster of Horses for Sources, in this Global Services article is a great start!

  • Internal Knowledge Management
    The firm should be taking advantage of the latest technology to share their intellectual property internally in a manner that will allow any of their employees to take advantage of the knowledge available to benefit their customer. You should be getting more than just the experience of the reps on your account — you should be getting the experience of the entire firm.
  • Depth of Experience
    Harvard MBAs look good on paper, but you want a significant amount of deep operational work conducted at real customers in industry, not theoretical research projects conducted in the safe confines of the ivory tower. In addition, make sure at least one of the reps on your project has deep experience in the categories you will be sourcing.
  • Mix of Experience
    A breadth of experience is important, especially when market conditions change and new sourcing strategies need to be derived. In addition, make sure the firm has employees who have crossed the breadth of operational roles, including sales and customer service.
  • Ability to ‘Advise’
    The ability to ‘consult’ is good, but you need specific advice that is going to allow you to succeed beyond what you could do in-house or with the lowest-bid consulting firm.
  • True Independence Where YOUR Outcome is Concerned
    They must be focused on YOUR best interests, and not theirs’. Make sure their interests don’t lie in relationships that force them to use, or compensate them to use, particular tools, processes, or staffing agencies. Just because something works for the majority of their current clients, it does not mean it will work for you. It might, and if it does, that’s great, but if it doesn’t, they should have the freedom to put together the best solution for YOU.
  • A deep focus on IP, Benchmarking, and Research
    No one knows everything … and, more importantly, if they don’t benchmark, they won’t know how good they should be able to do.
  • Operational Business Focus and Advisory Experience Beyond Simple Negotiation
    The best advisor can offer services that guide you through the sourcing lifecycle and beyond. In addition, sometimes just having an independent party available can help you build consensus and support in complex and sensitive situations.
  • A Sensible, Proven, and Flexible Methodology
    If their method of negotiation methodology selection starts with “eenie, meeniee, minie, moe … “, simply put, you’ve chosen the wrong advisor.
  • Respected in the Market
    You want an advisor that oursourcers and suppliers respect … because if they don’t bid, you don’t save.
  • Multiple Customer References You Can Talk Too Directly
    The ultimate proof of their capability will be in their success with their other clients.

Want to Save? Get a Handle on Services Spending!

Earlier this year, Industry Week, in their article about how “Services Supply Chain Management [is] an Untapped Opportunity”, picked up on a recent study by CAPS that found that purchased services averaged 39% of total purchasing spending. That’s a significant number – especially when it’s getting harder and harder to save on goods when energy and raw material costs are still spiking across the board. And its a worrying one when you consider that not only do the majority of companies not have a good technology-based solution to help them make the right decision, but they often don’t even know how much they’re spending on services, if they’re being billed consistently – and in line with the local market, or even being billed according to the contracted rates!

In one of my recent posts, I noted how Iasta used their optimization-enabled e-Sourcing solution to save roughly 20M on two different projects, including a 20M savings on a services spend of roughly 80M. They didn’t do this because optimization is a magic technology that always saves you wads of money (it’s not, and what it does is find the lowest cost solution that is feasible within your constraints), they did this because the organization was simply signing national contracts with large multi-purpose consulting shops at what it thought were good rates, instead of signing regional contracts with regional providers who performed the required services at local rates and who could offer discounts for local volume-based awards. They built a sophisticated RFX bid model that allowed providers to bid by resource type by location, and to offer discounts based on total dollar award across resource types and / or regions, and then fed all of the data they collected into an optimization model that had the computational strength to identify that, lo-and-behold, breaking the contract up among multiple regional providers who could give the best price in the region could save you a significant wad of cash.

In another of my recent posts, I noted how expert spend analysis consultancies like Opera Solutions (now ElectrifAI) and Lexington Analytics can often walk into a client and get them a rebate cheque on overpayments, that are common in office supplies, electronics, and there should be no surprises here, services categories. They do this not because they are experts in guilt transference or debt-collection, but because they know how to normalize and structure your data in a way that allows them to compare it against contracted rates, find overpayments, and, also, find duplicate payments that your vendor forgot to tell you about. They then prepare a report that makes it abundantly obvious that your vendor was ripping you off (whether they meant to or not), which essentially forces your vendor to either refund you or give you a credit against future services (as you have everything you need to take legal action, which is something you’d both rather avoid).

These days, services at an average mid-size company could represent a multi-million savings opportunity and savings at a large company could represent a savings opportunity worth tens of millions of dollars. Although these numbers weren’t significant in the early days of e-Sourcing when supply outstripped demand in many categories, raw material costs were low, and e-Auctions were leveling the playing field, now that you’re lucky to contain cost increases on your purchased goods to inflation, these numbers are very important. Therefore, it’s important that you get a good handle on your services spending and exploit it for the savings opportunity that it is.

So how do you do that?

  1. Do a services spend analysis
    The first thing you need to do is get a handle on how much you are spending on each services category, and how many providers you’re using in each category per region, and, more importantly, roughly how much you’re overpaying and whether there are opportunities for refunds, rebates, or credits.
  2. Identify, and order, your biggest savings opportunities.
    Stop when you get to 10 or when you’ve covered 80% of your spend. You’ll attack these first.
  3. Break your savings opportunities into two groups: those you have the expertise to do in house and those that should be done with the assistance of an expert consultant
    The ones that can be done in house will be tasked to senior category experts in your sourcing group and the rest will be tasked to your CPO to find the right external expert to help your organization.
  4. Identify the right, niche, technology solutions to assist you.
    You get good results when you use good tools. For professional services, consider using a provider like Provade with a solution that specializes in work-force sourcing. For printing, consider a provider like Noosh that specializes in print services.
  5. Implement a good end-to-end e-Procurement solution with m-way matching that integrates purchase order creation, electronic invoice management, payables management, and contract management.
    This will insure that

    • when a purchase order is cut, it is cut with the contract rate included,
    • only invoices that bill against purchase orders at the approved contract rate, and for a number of hours/days within approved limits, are accepted,
    • the payment is for the amount, and only the amount, on the approved invoice, and that
    • your negotiated savings are realized!

Are you an Import Genius?

I recently had the chance to check out Import Genius, which made the top ten list of the most innovative and exciting start-ups on KillerStartups.com, and I must say that it is impressive. Billed as a site that provides timely, detailed shipment data for every ocean container that enters the United States, it appears to live up to its promise. In addition, the search interface is fast and the export to CSV allows search results with up to 40,000 rows to be exported to a CSV, which can be downloaded in an automatically generated zip file for faster transmission.

With an ability to search by product, consignee, consignee address, shipper, shipper address, notify name, US port, foreign port, bill of lading, carrier code, and vessel name for any date range, it’s quite powerful for a new offering. Testing it out, I found that Apple Computer Inc. received 42 shipments between June 1, 2008 and August 18, 2008, 30 from Amtran Electronic Co. Ltd. and 12 from Quanta Computer Inc No. 68. The Amtran Electron Co. Ltd shipments were for “LCD Monitor For PC” and the Quanta Computer Inc No. 68 shipments, all on June 1, were for “GENERAL APPLE ACCOUNT PAYABLE BY”. Take a guess as to what those shipments were for. In addition, 37 were from Shanghai and 5 were from Tokyo, 24 went to Long Beach, and the remaining 18 went to LA. The average number of LCD monitors per shipment was 539 CTNS (containers) while the average number of mystery products per shipment was 501 CTN (cartons). The country of origin varied between the Bahamas, Greece, China, Liberia, Singapore, Japan, Liberia, and the Marshall Islands for the monitors while the mystery product was sole sourced from China. Eight different vessels were used: the Hanjin Praha, Concord Bridge, Xin Yan Tai, CSCL Seattle, Dong Hai Bridge, Clifton Bridge, CSCL Hong Kong, and the Long Beach Bridge. Additional information available for export includes the shipper address, consignee address, party to notify, party to notify address, bill of lading, arrival date, weight, container, and other marks and numbers. If I’d been watching carefully, as Import Genius was between mid-March, 2008 and mid-May, 2008, I’d have noticed that Apple Computer Inc. and its logistics partners imported 188 ocean containers of a product type never before declared on its shipping manifests.

As partially highlighted in this Washington Post article, which calls Import Genius The Disruptive Shipping Database, there are numerous uses for Import Genius’ service, which include:

  • Penetrating your competition’s business strategy
    Analyze your competitor’s import activity, identify their suppliers, and discover new endeavors before it hits the news.
  • Keeping your suppliers honest
    Watch the inbound shipments of your suppliers, identify threats and opportunities, and catch cheating factories who are counterfeiting your goods or stealing your IP in the act!
  • Identify new competitors before they emerge
    Find out who else your suppliers are supplying to – if they are supplying similar products to companies you don’t know, there may be new competitors on the horizon.
  • Identify new suppliers
    Find out who your competitors are using before their new products hit the stores!
  • Find out your leverage with your suppliers
    You can figure out what percentage of US business you represent by tracking all shipments against what percentage of shipments are yours.
  • Find new customers.
    Find out who your competitors are shipping to.
  • Identify new customs brokers, importers of records, and similar third party services.
    All of this information is available in the import records.
  • Make your patent infringement suit bullet-proof.
    Upon discovering a patent violation, use Import Genius to trace the goods back to their source overseas.
  • Perform due diligence on privately held companies in emerging markets
    By examining detailed records of a company’s US exports, you can reduce the risk for investors in markets where available data is scarce.
  • Stock Market Predictions
    A detailed snapshot of a company’s imports can serve as a leading indicator for new product releases, revenues, and key performance indicators.

So check out the company that, according to Freakonomics blogger Justin Wolfers, offers Amazing New Trade Data that may enable bright economists to fine tune our understanding of the dynamics of international trade. It’s certainly worth a few minutes of your time, especially when enterprise access (which permits up to 300 searches per day across the entire trade database) is less than $5,000 per year!

Squeeze the Most Out of Your Supply Chain

Supply chain investment is on the rise, but many companies are finding that effectiveness still declines over time after the introduction of a new solution. Why is your average supply chain, powered by best-of-breed technologies, still not operating at peak efficiency? I’d argue that there are a number of reasons, including lack of proper visibility, lack of proper monitoring processes, and lack of proper training, but a recent article in Supply and Demand Chain Executive took a different twist. In “Squeezing the Most Out of Your Supply Chain”, the author, who notes that it is likely that your average supply chain is not operating at peak efficiency, indicates that a supply chain opportunity assessment can help you you determine if, and where, this is happening. This implies that one of the reasons your supply chain is not efficient is that your average company probably doesn’t know where it should be focussing and that the systems it is employing might not be the right systems or the systems the company needs the most.

A supply chain opportunity assessment gives your company a complete look at the overall state of one of its most critical functions and provides your company with a comprehensive list of opportunities for improvement. With this knowledge, your company can define a set of actions to improve its operating efficiency and ensure that its supply chain is properly designed to support growth and flexibility to prevent supply disruption.

A supply chain assessment is a straightforward process, which, as per the article, can be boiled down to a succinct series of steps.

  1. Define the scope.
    Business Unit or Entire Operation? Subset of processes or full spectrum? Although you should assess your entire supply chain, it’s often best to start small, focussed on key areas, to generate some initial improvements and wins that will fund future assessments.
  2. Examine the ongoing challenges in your business model.
    Document how information, materials, and financials flow through the organization and review the metrics that are being used to evaluate effectiveness. This will help to reveal the challenges.
  3. Identify key issues impacting performance and perform a root-cause analysis.
    Also be sure to compare the company’s existing processes to industry best practices. This will help you zero in on the real improvement opportunities.
  4. Identify and prioritize opportunities.
    Determine the potential business impact of each opportunity and the relative ease with which they can be realized. Then select the most valuable ones and start with those.
  5. Develop a solutions roadmap.
    Once you’ve identified the appropriate improvements, develop a roadmap that outlines the project plan, estimated timelines, and expected costs. And follow through!