Category Archives: SaaS

If Your Supply Management Vendor Gets Acquired, Is It A Good Thing?

Over on Software and Services Safari, Brian Sommer recently asked about Cloud Software Consolidation — Is It All Good? It’s a fair question, as there has been a lot of consolidation in this space, between SaaS/Cloud and non-SaaS/Cloud vendors alike, and a lot more is still rumoured.

The companies will always spin it as a good thing, and if the acquisition happens, chances are that the investors (that control the Board of Directors), think it is a good thing, but that doesn’t necessarily mean it is a good thing from an existing customer point of view. As Brian notes, investors are looking for deal synergies, up-sell or cross-sell opportunities, cost reductions/efficiencies, etc. and customers want to know if the product will be around several more years, whether the product will get enhanced over time and what happens to customer support. And the problem is that these two sets of goals are often incompatible.

What usually happens is:

1. Existing Customers Get the Short End of the Stick.
For example, they will be promised new, different, technical architectures that may make some of their prior integration efforts no longer valid.

2. The Acquired Product Often Gets Slated to be Decommissioned.
And the customer has to migrate or lose access to functionality entirely. (And if the innovative start up was bought by the lumbering gorilla, functionality will typically be lost.)

3. The Acquired Product Is Frozen in Time.
It may be supported for the length of time in the newest customer’s original contract, but forget about improvements. The existing customers will be lucky to get bug fixes.

4. Prices Increase
After all, the new company, which probably has a higher overhead, has to make a profit after spending all that dough on the acquisition!

5. But Vendors Still Create Incredible Works of Fiction to Explain How the Products Will Be Rationalized Into Their Product Line.
Which are too amazing to explain in a few short words!

And, most importantly, no one ever discusses the real economics of the transaction and why it was driven in the first place. And Brian does a great job of summarizing what typically drives these deals in Cloud Software Consolidation — Is It All Good? the doctor strongly recommends that you give this post a read. It is worth your time!

… As Their New SARS Could Spell the Beginning of the End! (HD Part III)

In our first post we discussed the recent snafu made by Home Depot during a recent upgrade to its online website on February 1st where some incomplete planning and testing “Left Home Depot Customers Running in Circles” (which is terrible as there was no danger and there should have been no doubt*). We concluded that, while it probably upset a few customers with its incompletely planned upgrade, it was definitely not the end of Home Depot (online) and probably won’t even make a blip on its bottom line when all is said and done. However, this isn’t to say that Home Depot doesn’t have problems. In the doctor‘s view it has big ones, which are likely getting bigger by the day, and the worst thing is that Home Depot probably isn’t even aware of these problems which are, ultimately, guaranteed to increase its unsatisfied customer count by the day as people, including programmers, aren’t perfect and systems can be even worse.

You see, as per our last post, over the last year or two, Home Depot has rolled out its new centralized automated replenishment system to the store level across all of its North American stores and this is causing, and will inevitably cause it, problems as time goes on as SARS, Storefront Automated Replenishment System, assumes a perfect world and this world is far from perfect. As a result, every imperfection gets amplified into a real world problem that is often worse than the stock-out problems the system is supposed to prevent.

First of all, ARS will only re-order stock if the stock level drops low enough or it detects inventory is moving fast enough. This won’t happen if (1) there is a POS failure, if (2) the initial inventory is reported too high, or (3) associates don’t bother to enter damaged inventory. In each of these cases, the inventory levels will appear to be high in the system, and in no need of restock, when, in fact, they are (too) low. For example, I went to the local store to get some high-end 20″ by 96″ laminate pine project panels, that cost about $38 a board. (For that price, you can get 5/8″ 4″ * 8″ sanded pine plywood.) I wanted 5. They told me they had 8, but in reality they only had 3 that were saleable. Why? (a) For reasons unknown, they only had 5 in stock. An unknown inventory error told the system there were 3 more than there actually were. But 2 were badly water damaged — chipped and covered with black mold — which no one caught because “the system tracks inventory, so why should we check it”. Since no one confirmed the inventory count or recorded the bad inventory, the system did not reorder a low-stock and/or high-moving item, leaving customers, like me, unsatisfied. What retailers being wooed with ARS fail to understand (as the vendor will never, ever tell them) is an error in POS file transmission, a data entry error in initial inventory levels, or failure to record damaged inventory will skew counts and break the system — as products will remain understocked or stocked out until the system is corrected. (This was one disappointment.)

Secondly, it won’t check whether or not the product should be stocked at all. For example, if a nut can only be used with a certain bolt, and the bolt is no longer available, why stock the nut? In my case, I wanted a certain track lighting system. After going to a number of stores, I finally found something close to what I wanted (on the display), but I had to buy the track, the lights, and the connector separately. A set would have been more convenient, and probably more cost effective, but no big deal. I quickly found the track, and the lights, which were not next to each other on the shelves for some unknown reason (and that’s ok too), but couldn’t find the connector. So I asked the associate in the department who told me that they were probably just stocked in the wrong location or temporarily out of stock, and if I came back tomorrow (or on the weekend) when the department manager was working (as it wasn’t his regular department and the store was closing in five minutes), she’d be able to either find the matching connector or order one in because it wouldn’t be on the wall if it wasn’t available. Annoying, but understandable. So, a couple days later, I return, find a long-time associate who says “sorry, we don’t carry that connector — the manufacturer is out of business and we can’t get them anymore”. This dumbfounded and annoyed me as I was told everything on the display was available, so I asked why the store was still selling the tracks AND lights if the connector was not available anymore, or at least not indicating the products were “for replacement only” and informing customers that certain products were no longer available. The answer was “because our new system automatically replenishes these parts and tells us to put them on the shelves and we have no control over what is ordered, stocked, or displayed”. What? No control over your own department, inventory, or display? Really? Isn’t that just a disaster waiting to happen?

Needless to say, at this time I asked to speak to the store manager because this is just sad when, at least in my view, Home Depot used to be the best Home Improvement store with the most knowledgeable associates and best run departments even up in the often forgotten Great White North. He said, yes, that’s how it works, and he doesn’t like it but it takes so many e-mails, calls, and approvals to override anything that it’s just not feasible to fix some of these problems. But no problem, I could take the products back, no questions asked, because of the snafu. Fine. So I leave, unsatisfied again.

I return a few days later, when the manager does not happen to be there, and then have to wait to speak to the department manager and explain the situation again, as the return desk clerk couldn’t understand how only part of a system would be for sale as if it was a complete system. (Which illustrates yet another problem with SARS — these systems aren’t designed to let you record problems or inform all affected parties of inventory problems. Why should a customer have to explain it to three different people? As soon as an associate knows of a problem, a good supply management system would let her record the problem, which would immediately be reported to the department manager and manager when they next signed in.) So, I finish the explanation and then I am disappointed again. I am told that if I want, I can go back and pick something else out, and get 10% off today, but only today. However, because I had to go back to the store a third time and didn’t want to waste time on the weekend, I stopped in on the way to the office and didn’t have a lot of time to spare (especially as I had to repeat my story again). Plus, this wasn’t a decision I was willing to make alone. So, in addition to misleading me (come back and we’ll find the part for you), I was figuratively slapped in the face with an insincere discount offer. (If Home Depot was sincere about compensating me for wasting a lot of my time, they could have given me a 10% of your next purchase voucher.) Yet another example of bad customer service, and the real reason I believe that Home Depot could be in jeopardy.

And then, to add insult to injury, a few days later I want to look at a specific product in Storage and Organization. Specifically, I want to look at it in the store, but I don’t want to go back to the store unless I know it’s there. So I check online. Is it in stock? Sure thing — 3 units. Is it in stock when I get there? No! And I’m told the store doesn’t carry the item. (Which is not the first time I’ve been told the store doesn’t carry the item when it’s not on the shelf. Which would be okay except for the fact in a few instances the item has “magically reappeared” on the shelf the next time I’m in the store.) All in all, I am now a very unsatisfied customer of Home Depot and given the apparent inability of local store managers to prevent similar situations from happening again (as they are never supposed to override the all-knowing system), the disillusionment of long-time pros who used to be able to run their department like a tight ship but are now subject to the whims of an inanimate piece of software they don’t understand, and the utter indifference of new employees who would rather just proclaim “we don’t carry it” then try to figure out a system that, as far as I can tell, isn’t useable and doesn’t work anyway — I can’t see the situation getting any better.

Now, I’m just one customer, but from what I’ve been told by associates at the local store, something like this is happening to a customer every day. And given known ARS system error rates (which vendors don’t advertise — an 80% reduction in stockouts still leaves room for errors that will never be discovered without human intervention), I believe it’s actually a few customers every day at the local store. Now this would only be 1,000 a year at the store — a drop in the bucket in a municipality with 400,000 residents split between only 2 Home Depot stores — but when you put this in perspective, an entirely different picture emerges. There are over 2,200 Home Depot stores. This means that 2,200,000 customers could be left unsatisfied every year because of an improperly implemented (S)ARS system across North America and the indifference in customer service it is slowly instilling in the store associates. And that’s not a drop in the bucket. In fact, that’s a rip current, and rip currents are dangerous things. One has to remember that, in retail, it is your brand that matters, and if your brand becomes synonymous with poor customer service, you will have a problem. The question is, will Home Depot fix the leak before the rip current forms?

*Don’t get it? Too bad … but on the bright side, you feel just like a Home Depot customer who visited the site after 11:59 am on February 1st or how the doctor felt each of the last five times he visited his local Home Depot store!

… But The End Of Home Depot May Be In Sight … (HD Part II)

In our last post we discussed the recent snafu made by Home Depot during a recent upgrade to its online website on February 1st where some incomplete planning and testing “Left Home Depot Customers Running in Circles” (which is terrible as there was no danger and there should have been no doubt*). Home Depot likely made the right business decision (despite the protests of some E-commerce folk) when it decided to start an upgrade at noon on a Wednesday, did the right thing when it put up a “Pardon Our Dust” notification page, but screwed up when it directed visitors to its blog that was filled with links back to the Home Depot e-Commerce site, which was offline and which resulted in users seeing a “Moved Permanently” page which redirected to the “Pardon Our Dust” page which, of course, redirected to the blog … in an endless circle of redirects. This was bad, but as explained in our last post, definitely not the end of Home Depot (online). In fact, it’s likely that it won’t even make a blip on their bottom line when all is said and done.

But this isn’t to say it has problems. In this blogger’s view, it has big problems, and they could be getting bigger by the day — and Home Depot probably isn’t even aware of them. What are these problems? Unsatisfied Customers! That’s right, every day it’s unsatisfied customer count is likely increasing, and it probably doesn’t even know it. How do I know? the doctor has been unsatisfied in his past 5 (five) visits and has been told each time, by at least one associate, including the manager, in the store, that they’ve been having this problem regularly lately and that there’s nothing they can do about it unless they send half a dozen e-mails and go through eight levels of approval. (Probably an exaggeration, but I’m sure the effort to try and fix the problem, which can only be done on a piecemeal basis, is not worth their pay-check or sanity.)

So why did I leave as an unsatisfied customer 5 (five) visits in a row and why am I sure that I am not alone? And why do I suspect it’s happening to thousands, if not tens of thousands (or more), of other customers across North America? Because of the (ultimate) source of the problem — a source that, I am told, is universal across every Home Depot location in North America. What is that source? It’s the supply management evil called ARS, and more specifically, it’s SARS. An unfortunate, but accurate, acronym.

So what does ARS stand for? Automated Replenishment System. And is it evil? Only when misapplied. And the mis-application in particular is Storefront Automated Replenishment System — SARS for short. And it is evil. Unchecked it is more devastating to your supply chain than a tsunami, earthquake, or other natural disaster that wipes out your primary supplier’s central manufacturing facility. There isn’t a single supply management solution that will create more of a disaster if misused than SARS. Every supply management solution from RFx through e-Auction to Decision Optimization, from e-Requisition to P2P, and inventory / warehouse management to distribution management can be misapplied and cost an organization millions of dollars in the wrong, untrained hands, but SARS doesn’t even need any hands at all to bring an organization to financial ruin! It does that all on its own. How?

First of all, we need to step back and define what ARS, or an Automated Replenishment System, is and why one has to be wary of such a technology. An automated order replenishment system is a system that tracks inventory levels in near-real time and automatically re-orders stock when a minimum threshold is reached or when, in a more advanced system, it detects that certain inventory is moving faster than expected. Based on the idea that one of the most costly events under a retailer’s control is a stock-out, which happens, on average, in 8% of products for a retailer without an ARS, the system attempts to prevent such stock-outs by detecting when a product is too low or moving too fast. It ties into the POS system and receiving system, downloads data at least daily, and calculates current inventory levels based on the last known amount, the amount received, and the amount sold, and if the inventory hit a threshold or dropped too fast, automatically sends a purchase order for more inventory to the supplier with a target delivery date. Now, a retailer, who carries thousands of products and who can’t keep an eye on every one in real time (without investing a lot of money in manpower who can make mistakes) will typically think this is the greatest thing since sliced bread the first time he hears of it, but what he doesn’t understand is that this system only works in a perfect world model, and there ain’t no livin’ in a perfect world. He can keep on dreamin’ that there is, but there ain’t. Why?

*Don’t get it? Too bad … but on the bright side, you feel just like a Home Depot customer who visited the site after 11:59 am on February 1st or how the doctor felt each of the last five times he visited his local Home Depot store!

Online Snafus Will Not Be The End of Home Depot … (HD Part I)

As chronicled in a recent issue of StoreFront BackTalk, a recent try at not shutting down completely “Left Home Depot Customers Running in Circles” (which is terrible as there was no danger and there should have been no doubt*). Basically, what happened was that on Wednesday, February 1st, Home Depot took its web site offline to upgrade IBM Websphere from v. 6 to v. 7 (in a blatant display that it doesn’t understand e-Commerce very well, but that won’t be the end of Home Depot either, so that’s ok). This wasn’t the problem — the problem was that, in an effort to ensure that visitors still had something to look at, the “Pardon Our Dust” page that informed customers the site was temporarily down included a link to the company blog (still up) that had a new post for Do-It-Yourselfers at the top of the page. What’s wrong with that? Well, the post linked back to the product on the Home Depot site which was, naturally, redirected to the “Pardon Our Dust” page. Most of the other links went to a “Moved Permanently” Page which, in turn, linked either to another “Moved Permanently” page or the “Pardon Our Dust” page. The customer was left chasing his own tail. It was bad, and, as StoreFront BackTalk suggested, they should have just closed the e-Store for the day.

But it won’t be the end of Home Depot by any stretch of the imagination, even though e-Commerce folk still grumble that sites today — with mirroring and cloud options — shouldn’t have to shut down at all for simple scheduled software upgrades, as pointed out in StoreFront BackTalk’s follow-up on how Home-Depot’s WeekDay Noon Shutdown “Made Perfect Clock Sense”. After all, the retailer does most of its online business on weekends and mornings, and with an 18 hour upgrade, that left noon on a weekday — so it either had to pony up the $$$’s to replicate it’s site during the outage or take the small revenue loss from being down for the 18 hours that were projected to be the least revenue producing. (And sometimes it can be more distracting, and thus more costly, to aim for 100% uptime because if something doesn’t re-route properly, a poorly working site can do more reputation damage than a site that’s taken down completely and replaced with a pleasant notification. After all, Apple takes their online store down all the time and they still make a fortune as their customers know their will be new and better products to buy when it comes back up.)

And then there’s the customer reality to consider.

  • Customers Understand All Sites Need to Go Down For Maintenance
    They just want to be notified — and not run in circles if the site is down. And if Home Depot apologizes for this oversight in its maintenance, they’ll forgive it.
  • Most of Home Depot’s Business Is In Store
    I don’t know the stats, but I know the reality. (1) Before an average consumer buys something for her home — which is going to cost quite a few shiny nickels — she wants to see it. Most people use the on-line site for research. When they purchase, it’s typically because they’ve already seen the product in the store and are ordering it online because they want it delivered. (2) Most of their big dollar transactions are from contractors. And contractors are buying in the store, not online. That’s why they have contractor sections in the store.
  • Only a very small percentage of (potential) customers would have visited the site in that 18 hour window and noticed the problem.
    Again, most customers are using it primarily for research for DIY products, which is happening mainly on the weekend, or to order something they researched and found in-store on the weekend or the night before, which is happening mainly in the morning.
  • No animals were harmed by the downtime and no child labour was sweating in a factory to bring the site back up.
    e-commerce snafus don’t bring down a 68 Billion dollar plus home improvement chain. A one-day snafu won’t even make a noticeable change to its bottom line. Let’s face it — a small corporate social responsibility slip-up such as forgetting to audit a supplier’s supplier who uses child labour will do much more damage to its brand and bottom line than any website snafu ever will.

To make a long story short, it had a snafu, but it has nothing to worry about as a result. However, this doesn’t mean it has nothing to worry about. It has a lot to worry about. In fact, it’s entire business could be at stake as you read this. And the sad thing is, Home Depot might not even know it!

*Don’t get it? Too bad … but on the bright side, you feel just like a Home Depot customer who visited the site after 11:59 am on February 1st!

Risk Mitigation 2012: Technology

In the last six posts we covered the World Economic Forum‘s recently released 6th annual Global Risks report, 2011 edition. The report was filled with risk, thirty-seven types of risk divided into five categories to be precise. In the last five posts, we covered the top five risks in each category — Technology, Society, Environment, Geopolitics, and the Economy — from Sourcing Innovation’s perspective.

However, just knowing that your supply chain is fraught with risk is not very useful. That’s a given in these trying and troublesome times. What’s more useful is knowing what you can do about it. In the next five posts we will cover some ideas for planning and preparing for each risk Sourcing Innovation identified as a top three category risk to your supply chain, starting with Technology.

03: Threats from New Technology

As per our last post on technology, if a competitor latches onto, and implements a new technology before your company, it may be able to lower its production and operating costs well below your production and operating costs. Should this happen, the competitor may also be able to increase its revenue at the expense of yours. Then your organization will face declining revenues with higher costs. Profits will disappear. And bankruptcy could follow. But it does not have to be this way.

Instead, your supply management organization can keep up with technological advancement and stay on the leading edge. It can identify new technologies as they are brought to market, follow them, and, as soon as they show maturity and promise, bring them into the organization. Then it can be the company that lowers its production and operating costs, and increases its revenues, before the competition.

02: Online Data and Information Security

Average hackers may want consumer credit card data for quick, easy, illicit gain, but hackers employed by corporations for purposes of corporate espionage want your data — and your supply management data in particular. What are you making? What are the specifications? Where? With who? When are you shipping? From Where? With what carrier? If any of this data finds its way to your competition before you’re ready to release a new product, the losses could be crippling. What if your competitor is able to use your plans to jump-start their development of a better version and beat you to market? What if thieves intercept your critical shipments and sell your product on the black market?

Fortunately, you can protect your data. There are some very simple things you can do. First of all, you can encrypt all of your data with an industrial strength encryption algorithm using industrial strength encryption programs tested and proven secure, to the degree possible, by third party security firms. Secondly, you can secure your systems from penetration by using industrial strength firewalls and anti-malware software. Virtually unbreakable encryption is good. But hackers not even having your encrypted data is even better. Thirdly, you can avoid third-party multi-tenant cloud solutions that you have no control over. First of all, you have no idea where you data is. Maybe it’s on a hardened server behind two firewalls in a guarded secure-access retina-scan and thumb-print facility that is designed to withstand bombs, and maybe it is on a back-up server in the open back-room of the managing company’s offices. You don’t know. Secondly, even if the server is guarded by firewalls and “locked-down” to installed applications only, if even one database on the server is broken by a hacker, whether or not it is your system, that can be used as an entry point to gain access to the entire system. Unless its your virtual Fort Knox, it’s not as secure as you think it is.

01: Critical Information Infrastructure Breakdown

Make sure all critical data is stored on secure servers in secure facilities that are geographically remote and accessible 24/7. Also have a third data centre location that can be brought online, with a complete copy of backed-up data, within 24 hours if the primary or secondary facility goes down (and make sure incremental backups are performed at least hourly). Make sure these facilities have redundant fibre channels, from redundant providers, inbound and outbound, and make sure that there is a satellite link for retrieving critical data should all channels suddenly go dark. Also make sure these facilities have UPS and at least 24 hours of backup power to insure that all necessary data can be extracted should the wire-lines go down or the facility need to be abandoned (due to geopolitical unrest in the region or a long-term power or line failure; and if this is the case, be sure there are auto-destruct programs in place that will wipe all data via multiple, random, writes). Make sure that you have a disaster response plan in place that has identified the location of a back-up operations centre that can be brought on-line in case your main operations centre goes dark. Make sure each satellite office knows where the back-up operations centre will be and how to contact that location should the head office or one or more satellite locations become unreachable. It might not be possible to plan for every contingency, but it is possible to devise a plan that would cover most contingencies and allow operations to resume, at least minimally, within 24 hours.