Category Archives: Supply Chain

Supply Risk Solutions – Taking Transparency to Thwarting

Risk and Uncertainty should be front and centre in the mind of every buyer and supply chain manager these days. Natural disasters are at an all time high, we’re still feeling the impacts of supply chain slowdowns and shutdowns during the pandemic, and political instability globally is introducing new headaches into your already fragile supply chains.

You need to maintain a handle on what’s going on in your supply base, and extended supply chain. In the beginning, this was an SRM/SXM solution which maintained information on your tier 1 suppliers, the products they supplied you, their typical on-time performance, and basic financial information. Over time these added basic risk metrics / 3rd party risk data which was supposed to give you some insight into how risky your supply base was, but considering this was usually financial information, it wasn’t a very good solution.

Then we got transparency solutions — and you know many of the big names here, which include Everstream, Interos, Resilinc, etc. — which allowed you to track your supply chain down multiple tiers to the source. Over time, these added news monitoring and event monitoring so you could get indicators of potential issues from news articles (which could include labour issues, for example) and nearby natural disasters (hurricanes, cyclones, earthquakes, etc.). Properly configured and maintained, this gave an organization instant insight into a potentially disruptive event and allowed them to take immediate action if necessary.

This was great, at least before the pandemic, because if you had 2 to 3 months of notice that your supply was going dry for a while (due to a fire, flood, or major plant damage), or longer, you could instantly switch to your secondary supplier (if you were dual-sourcing for risk mitigation) or start looking for a new source of supply. But now that supply chains are still stretched thin, supply choices are limited, raw materials are in more limited supply than ever, and supply chain cycle times in many industries are still double to quadruple what they used to be, a warning is not enough.

You need to do more than monitor the supply base, you ned to mitigate risk of disruption IN the supply base. It doesn’t matter if your risk preparedness is A+ if your supplier’s risk preparedness is F. A disruption in your supplier is a disruption to you, regardless of what plans you do and don’t have. This is where Supply Risk Solutions comes in. Not only are they one of the oldest (and first SaaS) solutions in the supply risk monitoring space (dating back to 2007), and one of the first to offer full supply chain transparency, but the first to go from transparency to disruption prevention. By ensuring your suppliers do proper risk planning, mitigation, and preparedness, your disruptions can be reduced up to 60%. That’s right. Sixty Percent!

While you can’t guarantee a disruption free supply chain — since you can’t predict (or prevent) natural disasters, political embargoes from disturbed dictators (or global reactions against them), or significant economic events (such as bank failures) which send shocks through the system — you can eliminate preventable disruptions and minimize the impacts of those non-preventable disruption events with proper identification and mitigation planning.

This is where Supply Risk Solutions is unique — it’s deep focus on enabling suppliers to identify areas of risk that could cause disruptions and providing them education, training, and resources to address those risks. Supply Risk Solutions does this based upon 16 years of supplier data that they have collected and correlated to disruptions. Based on this long-term deep analysis, they have developed and optimized a list of key indicators, and standard supplier surveys for multiple industries that collect this indicator data.

In addition, as they directly serve over 23% of the global semiconductor industry and 36% of the US Healthcare market, they have very deep data on disruptions, mitigations, and improvements that can be generated in these supply bases and they do an exceptional job here. (Especially as they have been doing it for years and years, getting better every year as their database gets deeper and more extensive.)

The solution, which is always free for suppliers and their suppliers, allows a supplier to define their employees who need access to the system as well as the suppliers they use as tier 1 inputs. When a supplier is added by a customer, they get an invitation to complete or share a standardized risk assessment with the customer for every site they will be using. Since the solution was designed to be single sign on for the supplier and give them complete access to, and control over, all of their data, if they have already completed the survey (for the categories they are supplying), they can share their existing survey. If they have not for one of more sites they are using, they can complete it for those sites and just share just the data the new customer needs.

But the real power of the platform is that once a supplier fills out the survey, that captures the key risk and disruption indicators for that type of supplier, the platform computes a risk of disruption profile and identifies key actions and mitigations the supplier should take to considerably decrease the chances of disruption in the future. And the actions and mitigations work. With almost two decades of data, they know what works and what helps.

This is why we’re covering them and why you should know about them. The providers we referenced above all do transparency, news monitoring, and event monitoring — like Supply Risk Solutions — and some have deeper operational resilience, cyber-monitoring, or other unique capabilities — but none are as focussed on reducing the risk of disruption in the supply base by providing you, and your suppliers, the insights, guidance, and monitoring your suppliers need to reduce your disruptions.

The reality is that it doesn’t matter how operationally resilient you are, how much insight you have into your supply chain, or how prepared you are for a disruption — if you are entirely dependent on your supply base for the products you sell or the services you need for continued operations, your resilience is ultimately their resilience, and, even worse, the supplier with the lowest resilience you are dependent on.

So you need to focus on your suppliers’ resilience, not yours. We know you don’t have the time, and that’s where SRS is also somewhat unique in that they also offer supply chain disruption monitoring and prevention as a managed service where they work with the suppliers and help them to maintain their data, understand their risk assessments and mitigations, access the necessary training and best practices, and create plans to address them. By identifying, and addressing, potential root causes of disruption before a disruption happens, many disruptions can be prevented, and those that can’t (like natural disasters), can be mitigated to the extent possible. And that’s how, for their clients, they reduce supply base risk by up to 60% (depending on the maturity of your suppliers).

Also, they have one of the best handles on what external events are likely to affect a given supplier site of all of the providers. Their database contains every natural disaster that’s ever been recorded back to 1850, and they’ve been maintaining deep data on relevant events since their formation 16 years ago. For a given event, they can predict the likelihood of occurrence and the likely impact and, based on that, recommend the most appropriate mitigation.

It’s very affordable, and if you are a US healthcare provider, you can even check out Supply Risk Solutions, and use it, for free on your top 10 suppliers to get deep insight into what it can do for you. (Since they, indirectly through partners like Vizient and HIRC, serve over 50% of the US health care industry, they likely already have all of the data on not just the top 10 suppliers for a hospital, but most of the top 100.) It’s definitely worth checking out, and when you see the value, upgrading to at least the first tier solution.

Sustainable Supply Chains Sacrifice China! (Most of the Time.)

Where your supply chain is concerned, China has just demonstrated what SI has known for over a decade — it is the enemy. (This isn’t the only situation where China or the CCP is the enemy, but those are different rants. Note that we do NOT equate China or CCP with Chinese people. Most Chinese are NOT the enemy of your supply chain or democracy just like most Americans are NOT the enemy of intelligence and common sense.)

Long time readers will know that in the naughts, SI spent a lot of bandwidth telling your deaf ears that you should be investing heavily in nearshoring and home country sourcing because of the dangers of outsourcing in general, and, the dangers of oversourcing to a specific country, like China, in particular — which have finally become very apparent. It’s too bad it took a freakin’ pandemic to make clear how dangerous it is to outsource so many critical products and JIT materials to a country halfway around the globe, especially when such sourcing in bulk across the industry leads to the lack of capacity close to home due to factory closures and talent evaporation.

There’s a reason the doctor told you two weeks ago to remember the 80’s (and the early 80s in particular) … and that’s because that’s the last time most multi-national corporations in the Americas got outsourcing right … when they were near-sourcing to Mexico (who should build the wall just to keep Trump out, but that’s yet another rant for another day).

Let’s face it, some stuff just shouldn’t be sourced from home. Stuff that’s not critical, stuff that’s very expensive to make at home (but easily trucked across a single border) for various reasons (which can go beyond labour to energy costs if there are no affordable renewable sources nearby, transportation costs for raw or unprocessed materials are ridiculous otherwise, etc.), or stuff where most of the raw materials or necessary environmental conditions (for growing, mining, etc.) are just not present at, or near, home.

But when you consider a typical organization, how much stuff really falls into this category? First of all, you have to exclude any product for (re)sale that’s a primary profit line. Then you need to exclude any raw material or component critical to production unless you just can’t get it nearby. Then any product necessary for security or safety. And so on. At the end of the day, you don’t have much left, and if you’re doing the analysis right, you’re going to be left with:

  • raw materials and products just not available nearby (because you need certain growing conditions, large deposits of a mineral only found in certain geographies, etc.)
  • processed materials or chemicals where the raw materials are very expensive or dangerous to transport
  • products unique to a culture or region
  • novelty or other items not critical to your business

which (before the short-sighted wall-street loving common sense hating clueless and unskilled consultants of the late 80’s and early 90’s, like Steve Castle, put everything into the outsourcing bandwagon and blinged it out beyond belief) were the only products a company would outsource halfway around the world and still the only products a company should be sourcing from halfway around the world. Everything else should be near-sourced, and if really critical or the cost differential is small, home-sourced.

This also means that just shifting everything to another country in the BRIC, and India (which is ruled by a more open, transparent, and dependable democracy) in particular, is also NOT the answer. (They may not be the enemy, but they are still NOT the answer.)

So, unless you want your Supply Chain to completely collapse after the next global disaster, go back to basics, remember the smart outsourcing decision from the 80s, reopen those Mexican factories, and start near-sourcing again. And then, where you can, bring it back (close to) home.

Supply Chains in 2020 …

… are going to be hard to predict, and more complex than even the true experts are predicting. Why?

1. Tariffs, Trade Wars, and Escalating Tensions

Once upon a time, tariffs were well understood, changed rarely, and could be easily calculated into total cost of ownership equations. This allowed an organization to make long term sourcing decisions with a solid understanding of long term costs. But with trade wars on the rise, tensions escalating, and tariffs being introduced and increased on an almost daily basis … no sourcing decision is safe beyond the minute it is made.

The situation is not going to get any better, and, in fact, might get worse. As a result, the ability to track not only costs, but tariffs, tensions, and risks thereof is going to get more complex than even the average expert expects.

2. Carrier Complexity

Carriers continue to come and go at the regional and local level (as a result of recently introduced or increased insurance requirements in some countries), ocean carrier availability depends on overall demand, suitability depends on costs which depend on availability and unpredictable energy costs, and air carrier availability depends on plane availability (which is affected when planes get grounded), weather and the non-occurrence of natural disasters (such as volcanic eruptions and hurricanes and severe thunderstorms that ground airplanes), and, of course pilot availability (impacted by strikes).

Then we have the risks of war closing off routes and even downing commercial planes. The risks of regulation limiting driver, pilot, conductor, and captain availability and/or putting carriers out-of-business. And of course the risks of escalating high-tech theft, including theft from moving vehicles.

3. Automation and AI

Automation is taking humans out of the equation, and AI is threatening to take even more out. This isn’t a good thing. Automation can streamline tactical processing and information gathering and processing, but not strategic decision making. And despite what some enthusiasts may claim, AI does not improve the situation … in fact, it makes it worse.

You see, with so many unknown variables across such a broad spectrum, no AI solution can even know all of the data to monitor, yet alone interpret it all properly when there is no foundation to measure against with so many new situations cropping up daily. AI will work the 90% to 95% of the time that the statistics says it will, but will fail in the remaining situations, and fail miserably. All of the savings or efficiencies the solutions will deliver across the first 19 solutions will be undone, and then some, in the 20th situation when the solution goes unchecked.

Even without getting into specifics, supply chain complexity will be a challenge in 2020. And, if things get worse, it could be a nightmare. We hope you’re ready.

Aspects of the Tax Efficient Supply Chain

Many companies overlook function-based tax planning where the supply chain is involved. Considering that tax reductions, or even tax payment delays in Free Trade Zones can save a company millions and millions of dollars, and free up millions more in working capital, tax considerations should play a major role in your supply chain, and in your supply chain finance, efforts — especially now that tariffs are skyrocketing and you need every source of savings you can find.

When you consider that tax-planning affects both supply chain steps (including supply, distribution, retail channels, and customer delivery) and supply chain management processes (including procurement, EDI, merchandising, financing, branding, and asset management) and that it applies both above-the-line (taxes that impact operating income) and below-the-line (taxes that impact income-based taxes), it has far reaching implications. Furthermore tax issues permeate every aspect of identifying, acquiring, importing, transporting, distributing and selling goods and tax planning can impact almost every aspect of the supply chain. This means that tax savings can be almost anywhere. Some of the possibilities that have been noted on this blog in the past include the following:

  • Procurement
    Ownership of the transaction is key as it allows the taxpayer to determine the subject matter, value of each component, and the appropriate jurisdiction, because the right balance can minimize tax.

    • in many states, intangible assets are not subject to property tax — thus, including a warranty cost in a capitalized asset unnecessarily increases a company’s property tax base
    • in many states / jurisdictions, electronically downloaded software is not subject to sales tax
    • disconnecting volume or contract inducement payments from the purchase of the underlying property can cause sales or property taxes to be overstated
    • appropriate planning can often reduce customs and duties
  • Brand Management
    Brand management also has tax implications.

    • the determination of where branding occurs in the supply chain, and thus where value is added, determines the situs of taxability and the value of goods for import, export, and tax purposes
    • the ability to license and protect IP associated with the brand often impacts the jurisdiction of income taxation
    • the situs of where IP is held impacts the tax costs of dispositions
  • Merchandising and Marketing
    Critical in retail operations, they carry their own tax implications.

    • site selection determines property tax
    • capitalization of store design costs have tax implications
  • Finance
    Finance structuring can have significant tax implications.

    • the capital structure of a legal entity can impact its franchise tax profile
    • internal leverage can reduce state income taxes in some jurisdictions
  • Customer Relationship Management
    There are tax implications in building an infrastructure to compile and store customer information.

    • there are state income tax implications wherever such data is stored and maintained.
    • an ability to license and protect IP impacts the jurisdiction of income taxation
    • capitalization of CRM software has property tax implications
  • Distribution of Asset Management
    Distribution management is more than just minimizing logistics costs.

    • an incorrect valuation of inventory can lead to higher taxes
    • some jurisdictions have sales tax exemptions for transportation equipment in inter-state commerce
    • distribution activities that are not separated into separate legal entities can expose a company’s major profit centers to unnecessary multi-state income taxation
  • Retail
    • the employee-intensive nature can lead to process-based payroll tax incompliance and / or unnecessary over-payments
    • state income tax savings can often be found on international distribution assets
    • inefficiently designed gift-card programs can cause unnecessary escheatment of funds

Furthermore, this might just be the tip of the iceberg in tax savings opportunities available to your supply-chain based business. Especially when you consider the numerous benefits of tax-efficient procurement, which include:

  • prevention of incorrect or duplicative taxation
  • matching subsequent rebates or discounts with original purchases to reduce the overall taxable purchase price
  • structuring the transaction to fit within a statutory or regulatory exemption
  • unbundling taxable items from non-taxable items
  • identifying taxes that can be reclaimed

In addition, tax-efficient procurement will:

  • improve the sales tax audit trail and reduce the time required to respond to audits
  • allow for more efficient refund claims when errors have been made or the corporation is entitled to a tax rebate / refund
  • greater certainty regarding tax requirements

So get tax efficient. And maybe you can at least counter all of the duties and tariffs being imposed in the trade war.

Algorhythm: Twenty Years Later and the Optimization Rhythm Has Not Missed a Beat

It’s been almost a decade since we covered Algorhythm (Part I and Part II), and that’s because the last time the doctor caught up with them mid-decade, they were deep into creating their new accelerated cloud-native rapid application development platform, called AppliFire, with native mobile-first development support capabilities. And while it was very interesting, it was not Supply Chain focussed at the time, and not the core of what SI covers.

But fast forward about five years later, and Algorhythm has re-built their entire Supply Chain Planning, Optimization and Execution Management platform on top of this new development platform and now has one of the most modern cloud-native suites on the market — which not only has the capabilities of big name peers like Kinaxis, E2 Open and Infor, but also the ability to run on any mobile platform with seamless integration across modules and platforms.

And their optimization capabilities are still among the best on the market, and possibly only rivaled by Coupa Sourcing Optimization (powered by their Trade Extensions acquisition) — demonstrated by the fact that whether you are dealing with a demand plan, manufacturing plan, production plan, supply plan, logistics plan, route plan, or any other plan supported by the system, their system can find the optimal solution no matter how many demand locations, plans, sites, suppliers, products, lanes, etc. — and can do so rapidly if the user doesn’t overload the scenario with unnecessary constraints. (Even without constraints, these models can get huge, as the doctor knows all too well, but yet they solve rather rapidly in the Algorhythm platform.)

The Algorhythm suite of twelve (12) integrated Supply Chain Planning, Optimization, and Execution Management Modules is not only one of the most complete end-to-end suites on the market, but one of the most seamlessly integrated as well. It’s very easy to take the output of the “Demand Planner” (which allows the entire organization to collaborate on forecasts) and pump it into the “Manufacturing Network” (which integrates with the “Distribution Network” and “Inventory Planner”) to create a manufacturing (site) plan and then pump that into the “Production Planner” to create a manufacturing schedule by site and then push that into the “Logistics Planner” to determine the best logistics plan and then push that output into the “Route Planner” to optimize lanes and so on. (The suite also includes a “Supply Planner” to optimize individual shipments for JIT manufacturing; a S&OP planner to help sales and operations balance demand vs. supply; a “Manufacturing Execution System” to break PDI (Production Parameters) down, fetch actual production data, and validate results; a “Distributor Ordering” Management module to automatically create distributor orders across thousands of distributors; and a “Beat Planner” to optimize last mile delivery for outbound supply chain for distributors or CPG companies in geographies — like Asia — where last mile is difficult (due to inability to send large trucks, need to restock daily, etc.) With the exception of strategic sourcing and initial supplier selection, they basically have inbound demand to outbound supply covered in terms of supply chain optimization and management once you know the suppliers you are going to buy from and the products that are acceptable to you.

The UI is homogenous across the suite, and the modern web-based components such as drill-down menus, buttons, pop-ups, and so on make the suite easy to use — especially when it comes to tables and reports. The application supports built-in dynamic Excel like grids and tables which can be altered dynamically on the fly with built-in pagination to make navigation and view-control navigable, especially on tablets (for users on the go). It also supports standard (Excel-like) charts and graphs with drill-down, as well as modern calendar and interactive Google Map components. Navigation is easy, with bread-crumb trails so a user doesn’t get lost, and response time is great. It’s powerful and useable, which is exactly what you need to manage your supply chain on-the-go.

There’s a reason they have some of the biggest names in the F500 as clients, and that reason is their unique combination of

  1. power,
  2. ease of use, and
  3. and understanding of the Asian supply chain needs (especially around last-mile delivery).

The last point is especially relevant as many of the big name American (and even German) supply chain companies don’t really understand the unique complexities of (last-mile) supply chains in India and Asia. However, Algorhythm’s unique capability combined with their understanding has made their platform a force to be reckoned with in a market that is one of the hardest in the world. And as a result, they have built a platform that is more than sufficient for every other market as well. the doctor is looking forward to seeing more of Algorhythm outside of the Asian market as, at least in his view, the supply chain market in general needs a good kick in the pants as innovation there-in has considerably lagged the Source-to-Pay market that we primarily cover here on SI.

So if you need a good Supply Chain Orchestration solution, the doctor strongly encourages you to check out Algorhythm … you won’t be disappointed.