Category Archives: Supply Chain

3 Best Practices in Supply Risk Management That You Are Likely Overlooking

SI has written about risk management and best practices quite a lot in the past, and a lot has been written on the subject, but when it comes to a successful risk management program, there are a few key elements that cannot be overlooked or the success of the entire program can be compromised in an instant.

Three of these core elements are very nicely summarized in a recent piece by the maverick that he published on Spend Matters last month in Part 2 of “Supply Risk Management 2015: Best Practices”. And while the doctor has seen each of these issues addressed to various levels of competency separately, he’s never seen them addressed so succinctly in unison, and that’s why he’s pointing out this particular piece. With the exception of the 2×2 best practice, which is really not that critical if you frame and approach supply risk management correctly (but that’s a point for future discussion), the piece is superbly written.

This post will briefly discuss the three elements, but the doctor strongly encourages you to download the full piece and read it in its entirety. These lessons could just save your supply chain from a major disruption.

Supply Risk Management is an Embedded Process

Risk is continuous, not a point-based event that can be addressed with a one-off program at various points along the supply chain. Natural disasters cannot be predicted, strikes can happen with very little warning, and equipment can break down for any number of reasons. Monitoring must be continuous — and this only happens if risk monitoring, mitigation, and management is embedded into all supply chain processes. Not sure how to do this? The paper has some tips to get you started.

Risk Includes Variation and Volatility

Risk is not binary, not restricted to complex categories or supply chains, and not an-all-or-nothing event. An extra 1% defect rate presents a major risk if quality assurance and pre-delivery testing is not stepped up. Bad weather that destroyed 20% of expected crop yield is a major risk if the organization was counting on a full yield to meet demand. The products are still delivered and a crop is still harvested, but it’s a disruption all the same.

Risk Scoring Must Show Business Impact

One of the biggest mistakes that the average Procurement organization makes, if not the biggest, is evaluating the impact of a risk against purchasing, and not the business as a whole. A low dollar spend could be critical if the bus cannot roll off the lot without that Grade 8 bolt. An impact on an unmanaged category, not critical to Procurement, could be devastating to Marketing. And so on. The needs of the business must come before the needs of Procurement.

For more details on these best practices and tips to get you started, check out the maverick‘s second paper on “Supply Risk Management 2015: Best Practices”. It will be worth your while.

ERP is Not Enough!


When your organization was sold its Enterprise Resource Planning (ERP) solution suite back in the 1990s or 2000s, it was probably told that the ERP suite was the answer to all of its information management problems and it would be the last suite the organization would ever buy. As the evolution of Manufacturing Resource Planning (MRP) software — which was focused primarily on product planning, manufacturing, and inventory management — ERP was supposed to address all of the weaknesses in the MRP software as well as give Sales and Marketing, Finance, and Executive Management visibility into operational status. Specifically, ERP was supposed to handle sourcing and procurement, receiving and distribution, sales forecasting and integration into production planning, and provide a solid foundation for accounting and finance. ERP was supposed to provide the organization with a real-time end-to-end view of core business processes that could be used to effectively monitor, manage, migrate, and market the business. ERP was supposed to be delivering on the single system promise that you were waiting for since the dawn of MRP. But it didn’t.

“Why ERP is not Enough” by b2bConnex (Registration Required)

Those of you who are regular readers know that SI rarely promotes vendor-authored white-papers, as many turn out to be more marketing fluff than solid content, but every now and again SI finds a real gem, and this paper is one of them. Not only is it a solid, factual, educational piece, but it’s echoing a message that SI has been promoting for years (and often while screaming at the top of its lungs). ERP is Not Enough, and the continued over-reliance on ERP is why so many organizations, especially in manufacturing, are struggling to find efficiency, savings, and value in their supply chains.

Even though Sourcing and Procurement platforms are now mature technology, the number of your peers that have still not adopted modern platforms is still quite high. That’s why a number of new SaaS-based start-ups are still finding success a decade later with streamlined, on-line, implementations of sourcing or procurement modules that are almost a commodity at this point. When a company finally realizes the value, SaaS allows for a quick, easy, low-cost entry point to a modern platform.

And a modern platform is needed. Just because your ERP might support document exchange, that doesn’t mean it supports online tenders. Just because it supports price quotes doesn’t mean that it can maintain detailed price history and do trend analysis. Just because your ERP can store a contract doesn’t mean that it can store all of the delivery schedules, rate tables, and agreed upon performance metrics in formats that can be easily accessed, queried, and automatically compared to invoices and time sheets. Just because it can store a PO, that doesn’t mean it can store a full requisition and approval history. the doctor is sorry to say that he knows of more than one company that has spent over a million dollars trying to implement a good e-Negotiation platform or contract management platform on an ERP, only to fail when they could have bought a best-of-breed solution for 1/10th of the cost.

One has to remember that where ERP is concerned:

  • it is still rooted in MRP & on-site inventory management
    and distribution, logistics and supply chain optimization was never in the core vocabulary
  • it is all about reporting
    but supply chain success is all about analysis and actionable data
  • it is designed around an old-school data store with a rigid format
    and not a modern, extensible, workflow-based Master Data Management model
  • it was based on the concept of an activity journal
    not around transition management for an evolving supply chain
  • it is internally focussed
    but supply chain management needs to be externally focussed

This paper addresses all of these issues in detail, outlines the shortcomings of an ERP, and helps you understand why you need, depending on your business, a modern sourcing platform, a modern procurement platform, or, particularly in manufacturing, a modern supply chain communication and collaboration platform that handles all of the communications necessary between a provider of consumer or manufactured goods and their product and component suppliers from the initial tenders through the delivery of the final goods receipt and invoice pair when the contract has been completed. Moreover, the paper does this without any reference to any particular platform or marketing spiel and really helps you understand why your ERP is not, and will never be, enough and why you have to move to modern Sourcing / Procurement / Collaboration platforms, depending on your vertical and needs.

If you are not on a modern Supply Management / Supply Chain Collaboration platform, the doctor strongly encourages you to register for, and download, Why ERP is not Enough today and spend a good deal time of understanding the issues addressed. The sooner you understand what you need and why you need it, the sooner you can acquire the right platform and supercharge your supply chain. All the technologies you need to do so are out there waiting for you. You just need to know what to look for!

American Bar Association to Fortune 500: Clean Up Your Supply Chain


Today’s guest post is from Dick Locke, President of Global Supply Training Company, author of the classic book on Global Supply Management, and a seasoned expert with international experience in Supply Management (having run global supply chains from around the globe).

The Minneapolis Star Tribune published an article titled “Bar Association Warns Corporations: Clean up supply chains.” The author says that the president of the American Bar Association will be sending a letter to the CEOs of all the Fortune 500 companies. He goes on to say that the letter will ask the CEOs to “commit to ending human-rights abuses in their supply chains.”

Chris Johnson, who heads the American Bar Association’s (ABA) business section’s supply-chain initiative makes some provocative statements in the article:

  • “Regulation is increasing. Litigation is increasing. It’s astounding to me that companies don’t get out ahead of this. It’s a time bomb.”
  • “Companies remain reactive and not pre-emptive in handling possible human-rights abuses in their supply chains.”
  • “Why would you want to wait to have your products found in the rubble along with 1,100 bodies of dead workers?”
That last statement was about the April 2013 collapse of Rana Plaza in Bangladesh. More than 1100 clothing workers died when the multistory factory building collapsed. Investigators found several European and U.S. companies’ products in the wreckage.

This was a tragedy for the workers, their families, and their communities. It is an ongoing embarrassment to the purchasing profession. Some of the companies involved had no idea their product was being produced in a manifestly unsafe building.

 Collapsed Rana Plaza

I believe it’s also a wakeup call. There are signs that the clothing industry is banding together to change their purchasing practices on an industry-wide basis to improve their supplier selection techniques.

The article focuses on human rights violations going on in company supply chains. Those violations can involve coerced labor of adults and children, any kind of labor by children, safety issues, wage and hour violations and a host of other issues. Here are two issues many of you are facing now:

  • Is your company a retailer or manufacturer? Do you sell more than $100 million per year? Do you do business in California? If so, is your company making a public statement on its web site about what it is doing to remove coerced labor from its supply chain? If it isn’t, it’s violating California law.
  • Do you work for a publicly held US company? Do your company report to the SEC about the origin of any tin, tungsten, tantalum or gold in the products you sell? It needs to or it’s in violation of Federal law. If you have any electronics in your products, you have one or more of those metals. That’s the obvious example. Here’s a list of 22 other products that contain the metals.

However, a good Supply Chain Social Responsibility (S)CSR program needs to go beyond just following the law. I was surprised to find that U.S. law allows children as young as 12 to work on farms. Does your company have a cafeteria or food vending machines? If so, you probably have 12 year olds working in your supply chain. And it’s legal. It’s just not ethical.

Social Responsibility goes beyond labor issues. It includes prevention of giving and receiving bribes. It includes treatment of animals. It includes preserving the environment. The last topic applies to every organization that buys paper, for example. That’s just about everyone. Does your paper supplier use sustainable forestry techniques?

Want to learn more about what’s involved and how to develop and execute an (S)CSR program? While I don’t usually plug my own work quite so blatantly, Next Level Purchasing’s “Exemplary Supply Chain Social Responsibility” is the only training course I have found that goes into this topic in great detail. In eight on line training hours, on your own schedule, you will get a thorough and practical understanding of the issues and the solutions. To build on Chris Johnson’s statements (above), it’s much better to be preemptive when there’s a threat of time bombs.

Thanks, Dick!

Do You Know the Difference Between Direct and Indirect?

Direct materials are typically classified as raw materials, standard or specialized parts, and sub-assemblies required to manufacture a product. As a result, direct goods and services are typically classified as those goods and services that are strategically important to the organization. For example, for a CPG it is the goods it sells, for a Pharmaceutical it is the chemicals and biological materials it uses for research and drug production, and for a Bank it is the systems and market intelligence feeds it uses to run.

Indirect goods are those goods and services that are not strategically important to the organization. For example, for a CPG it is back office systems, for a Pharmaceutical it is office suppliers, and a and for a Bank it is office supplies.

However, these back office systems for the CPG are strategic for a software and services reseller. Office supplies are strategic for the office supplies vendor and janitorial services are strategic for the janitorial services provider.

But it’s not just the type of organization that determines whether a good is direct or indirect, it’s the organization’s place in the supply chain. What’s direct at one level is indirect at the next. And knowing where you are in the chain not only lets you know how to approach the category but how your supplier approaches the category. And, more importantly, where in the chain the most savings can be obtained.

Easy Question. Easier Answer.

A recent post over on Strategic Sourcing that asked “Executives:Do You Have the Right Resources” asked an easy question with an even easier answer. NO.

How does the doctor know this?

1) Not only did The Hackett Group 2014 Procurement Key Issues survey report that 76% of companies stated that they needed to expand Procurement’s scope/influence, but previous studies have shown that as little as 8% of organizations are world class.

2) Large organizations that embark on a Procurement transformation journey generally take 5 years or more to become world class, and by the time they reach this point, a number of technologies or processes that were upgraded in the first stage remained untouched for three years, meaning that these organizations have to go back and start a transformation journey all over again just to stand still.

3) Since the definition of the right resources changes with operational changes, product and services changes, market changes, and new developments in talent management, technology, and operations research, even if you had the right resources yesterday, you may not have the right resources today.

When you put all this together, the chances of a large organization having all the right resources are so astronomically small that they are effectively zero. A few organizations, which fall into the Hackett Group’s world class organization bucket, are close, but the vast majority, which make up the average or laggard category, are nowhere close.

So what are these resources? For a start, as pointed out in Mickey’s post, they are the right talent, technology, and transformation (capability) resources — the 3Ts that form the base of a successful, aligned*, organization.

Talent

Even though everything changes as time goes on, one thing has been the same since global trade began. Ever since goods first floated down the Nile or first travelled the Silk Road, people ran the supply chain. And even though they may employ a wealth of tools and be hindered and aided by a plethora of government regulations, they still do. You need the right talent to succeed.

Technology

Always in a state of change, and sometimes flux, you have to not only identify the best products for your organization, but implement and utilize them properly.

Transformation Capability

Remember, it’s not people, technology, process; it’s talent, technology, and transformation because you need the ability to constantly evolve your process as needed to meet the current needs of the supply chain. If you don’t have transformative capabilities, buying the best processes and practices from a big 6 consulting firm won’t do you any good.

You need to not only acquire the right talent, technology, and transformative capability but you also need to maintain the talent, technology, and transformative capability as time goes on to truly succeed. And if you ever say you have the right resources, in today’s economy, you’ve lost the supply chain battle before it has even begun.

* More to come on this!