Category Archives: Sourcing Innovation

You Need Automation. But You Don’t Always Need Agentic and You Almost Never Need Gen-AI!

In a previous post we dove into how analytics must drive source to pay, because most of source to pay should be automated and touch free as most of the source to pay process is straight forward (and capable of being automated for the last decade), non-strategic, and low to medium value.

Strategic Sourcing is an activity that should be focussed on high risk, high complexity, and/or high value categories and occasionally focussed on medium risk, medium complexity, and/or medium value categories where there is incomplete information or insufficient product/category history, atypical turbulence in the market, or highly particular requirements that just came into effect as a result of new regulations. That’s a minority of products/categories, not a majority.

Procurement should only be focussed on significant exceptions. And, with proper, modern, systems with proper e-document integration and exchange, most of the documents should be arriving in standardized digital formats, and most of the processing should, thus, be fully automated. And most of what is non-standard will be PDF in relatively standard formats that LLMs will be able to process to 95% accuracy and only require a few human verifications and field completions. The days of 20 people invoice processing team should be long gone, as the tech, even for standardized PDFs, has been in production by the leading players for over 8 years. Invoice discrepancies can be auto-identified, suppliers auto-notified, suggested corrections auto-included, one-click acceptance emails/screens for the suppliers included, and most contingencies accounted for. Only in the rare situations where suppliers refuse to accept a correction, invoices are in very non-standard or handwritten format, payments don’t go through, etc. should a human need to get involved. However, 95% to 99% of all documents and transactions that flow through Procurement should be 100% automated.

But most of this doesn’t need experimental Agentic AI or Gen-AI. Classic RPA will do just fine. For most of the rest, Adaptive RPA, with a bit of Machine Learning / Auto-Suggestion based on human-based exception processing, will do the trick nicely. If you look closely at current generation (A)RPA, Machine Learning, Optimization, and Predictive Analytics and walk through the full source-to-pay process, there is very little that can’t be automated without Gen-AI LLMs or experimental Agentic Systems. Sourcing — there are many standard (seven step) processes that can be completely automated based on data analysis, data-based risk assessments, goal definitions, and optimization. RFX (including e-Auctions) can be fully automated and, from the time you specify a product/category to source, everything can be automated to the award (including the demand pull/calculation from other systems).

When it comes time to contract, if you have standard templates or a large clause library, the system can automatically create the contract from the template and RFP responses, integrate DocuSign, and auto-execute it. If you don’t, or if you have to use the supplier’s paper, then you might use an LLM to create a draft for human review and/or analyze the supplier’s paper for terms, pricing (to make sure it matches the bid) and potential risks, as well as suggested revisions, before you sign. Gen-AI/LLMs unnecessary, but useful on a point-basis if you don’t have a good historical equivalent of a solution like Coupa Exari or iCertis.

Supplier onboarding can be fully automated with RPA powered dynamic workflows and third party data ingestion, as can risk and compliance analysis — no modern Agentic solutions needed.

Then we get to automatic invoice monitoring and point-based re-orders, receipt creation from inventory integration, and invoice processing in e-Procurement which has all been around for at least a decade. Automated approvals subject to tolerances, rules and pre-approvals — as well as predictive analytics on payments for new or one-time suppliers/orders or (slightly) out-of-tolerance invoices can automate the entire invoice-to-pay process.

We can get through the entire process on best-of-breed, classically oriented, RPA tech with some machine learning that processes human decisions in exception management, alters or augments the rules (and guardrails), and auto-processes the same type of situation next time. We quickly get to 95%+ throughput for any task that should be mostly automated, and a top human employee with BoB (A)RPA solutions and some augmented intelligence packages for analytics and research becomes 10 to 20 times as productive as they would have been in the past.

That’s the real future of Procurement. Small, top-talent teams (mentoring small emerging top-talent teams) doing the work of teams five to ten times their size, doing it better, and delivering more value than anyone would have believed possible with best-of-breed tools. Not error-prone, hallucinatory, agentic systems that work well in demos and a few select categories, and go all over the place in reality (and then try to hide their mistakes like Nick Leeson [who single-handedly collapsed Barings Bank] until they do a modern equivalent of the 2005 J-Com trade and cost you hundreds of millions of dollars on your key billion dollar product line).

So while you need to modernize at all costs, you don’t need to go full Agentic on unproven solutions. Get 90% of the way on tech that has been proven where you can control the automation level until you get comfortable with automation and learn where you can safely hand tightly boxed “decisions” to the machine (where well-defined calculations would determine your decision the majority of the time) and where you can’t. Otherwise, you’ll just end up being another member of the 94% AI failure camp. That’s not a statistic you want to be part of, especially given the cost of this tech today (and the increased cost tomorrow as energy grids start to break and the compute costs for modern AI tech goes through the proverbial roof).

AI Doesn’t Drive Savings, Innovation, or Performance. Sourcing Excellence Does.

And Sourcing Excellence requires (Strategic Sourcing) Decision Optimization.

As the Sourcing Optimization Grand Master Paul Martyn has clearly stated in his post on how Procurement is at an Inflection Point:

  • AI won’t fix Procurement.
  • Dashboards won’t fix Procurement.
  • Better Data won’t even fix Procurement.

ONLY structured, modelled decision making that gets executed in the practice of true Sourcing Excellence will.

And that structured decision making will be based on true multi-objective sourcing optimization that takes costs, risks, and goals into account to help you, the intelligent human, make the right decision that a dumb machine will never see.

And if you want to find out how that’s done, reach out to the Sourcing Optimization Grand Master himself who has saved Billions in his career WITHOUT increasing risk, liability, or complexity and find out how your organization could be the next to save millions (upon millions) while making less risky and more valuable decisions.

Sourcing Excellence Is Predictability in Tough Times

Sourcing Mediocrity, or worse, Bad Buying, leads to chaos.

Your costs are up.

Your delivery predictability is gone.

Your energy supply is intermittent and brown outs are becoming normal while those costs go up too.

Your taps are running dry.

Your workforce benefit costs are going up as healthcare costs skyrocket.

Your AI costs are going up as compute and consulting skyrockets and more consultant time is needed to deal with the results of bad, bad, hallucinations, that have gone beyond wrong orders, 3-way mismatches, and fraudulent payments to bad customer advice and legal claims that have put you in legal jeopardy.

This isn’t inflation. This is bad buying.

With good buying and sourcing excellence:

Your costs are stable — because you didn’t select risky suppliers, squeeze their margins to dangerously low levels, or make ridiculous asks that only add cost and not value.

Your deliveries are predictable as you’ve selected carriers that can support multiple routes and have re-routing plans in place if a route gets shut down due to a port strike, border closing, or “Geopolitical conflict” (i.e. war).

Your energy supply is regular as you were sure to build where the grid could support your energy needs, select providers (where you had a choice) that could guarantee the supply, and installed backup generators for key functions (and batteries for minimal lights and on-site computing requirements).

Your water pressure is through the roof as you ensured there was adequate supply and put contracts in place to guarantee it.

You manage your benefit negotiations carefully, put long term contracts in place, and work with the provider to prevent fraud (which makes you a customer of choice).

You don’t buy Gen-AI just because every brain-fried consultant and their favourite cognitively atrophied analyst is telling you to. You buy classic AI that works hallucination and error free at a fraction of the compute and cost.

In other words, you apply sourcing excellence end-to-end.

And you make good use of (strategic sourcing) decision optimization.

And you realize savings twice the savings of your peers.

But don’t take my word for it. Take the word of Paul Martyn, one of the original Sourcing Optimization Grand Masters who has sourced over 20 Billion dollars, and seen consistent results doing so over the past two decades.

And saved oodles of cash. To find out how much, check out this post on how you’re seeing your sourcing decisions repriced from bad buying. Then do the math on how much you could be saving (and, of course, reach out to Paul if you’d like someone to help you put a plan in place to save that money).

P.S. If you haven’t figured it out yet, if you were using Busch-Lamoureux Exact Purchasing you’d not only know that you should already be using optimization, but where, why, and would have already reached out to Paul to help you define the program.

Sourcing Excellence IS Optimization!

Sourcing Excellence requires optimization. Not AI. Optimization. We have finally reached a point where nothing else will get you there.

And Sourcing Excellence requires Paul Martyn. You need someone who has built and led programs, evaluated and employed multiple tools, and has the decades of experience to bring the insights you need instantly to the table. With many of the sourcing optimization greats (who founded CombineNet, VerticalNet Tigris, Trade Extensions, etc.) retired or moved on, the number of people left who have over two decades of practical experience are countable on your fingers (just like the number of analysts who have been consistently covering this space for two decades). Paul Martyn is one of the few, true, optimization masters left. So if you want to save your supply chain, reach out to Paul.

If you want to understand why, as well as why sourcing excellence truly requires optimization (as it’s time has finally come), since I know you won’t listen to me, read Paul’s ongoing Sourcing Excellence series, which just saw Part 11 published.

  1. Part 1: (Optimization is Thinking)
  2. Part 2: (Optimization Frames Reality)
  3. Part 3: (Optimization is More than a Capability)
  4. Part 4: (Optimization Changed the Game)
  5. Part 5: (Optimization Must Always Be On)
  6. Part 6: (AI is NOT Yet Fly in Procurement)
  7. Part 7: (Innovation is Just an Input)
  8. Part 8: (Orchestration is the Key)
  9. Part 9: (Value is a Game)
  10. Part 10: (Constraints Dictate)
  11. Part 11: (Constraints Vary)